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Melchior Inchofer : ウィキペディア英語版
Melchior Inchofer
Melchior Inchofer or Imhofer (c.1584–1648) was an Austrian Jesuit. He played an important part in the trial of Galileo, by his arguments that Galileo was an advocate of the Copernican system in ''Tractatus Syllepticus''. His role in the Galileo affair is being reassessed in the light of fresh documentary evidence.〔http://www.unav.es/cryf/newlightistanbul.html#titulo3〕
==Life==
He was born at Vienna in 1584〔(Chalmers’ Biography / IJ / Melchior Inchofer (1584–1648), vol. 19, p. 232 )〕 and died at Milan September 28, 1648. In 1607 he entered the Society of Jesus in Rome, and after the completion of his novitiate went to Messina, where he taught philosophy, mathematics, and theology.
In 1633 the Holy Office examined Galileo's ''Dialogue of the Two World Systems'', and Inchofer was one of three theologians appointed to assess the work, the others being Agostino Oreggi and Zaccaria Pasqualigo. Inchofer's lengthy report concluded that the ''Dialogue'' taught Copernicanism, that Galileo was a Copernican, and that the book was designed as an attack on Christoph Scheiner.〔Michael Sharratt, ''Galileo: Decisive Innovator'' (1994), pp. 172-3.〕
In 1634 he resumed his professorship in Sicily, where he remained until 1636, when his order called him
to Rome that he might devote himself entirely to writing. He endorsed strongly the work of Athanasius Kircher on the Coptic language.〔http://fathom.lib.uchicago.edu/1/777777122590/〕 His dispute with Joachim Pasqualigo on the immorality of making castrati, and his appointment as member of the Congregation of the Index and of the holy office dissatisfied him with Rome, and at his own request he was transferred in 1645 to the college at Macerata where he intended to devote his leisure hours to the compilation of a history of martyrs. The last few years of his life were troubled, and he was brought to trial by his order in 1648.〔http://www.phil-hum-ren.uni-muenchen.de/GermLat/Acta/Laureys.htm〕 With the situation unresolved he undertook a journey to the Ambrosian library at Milan, but died there.

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